Upstream:

• If you have large volume of lost raw material, investigate the reasons and address them.

Downstream:

• Collect and, if possible, send back to supplier to be reprocessed in their plant. Find alternative businesses willing to use the discards to make other products, or send to recycling
• If biomass, consider using it in food processing systems (see opportunity on food waste)
• If suitable, consider using it as a fuel to offset consumption of fossil fuels.